The thermal springs at Pamukkale which give rise to these geological phenomena cover a wide area. In this area, there are several hot water springs which have a temperature between 35 and 100 degrees. The thermal springs of Pamukkale form an integral part of the regions potential for tourism and have been popular since ancient times. The water, having emerged from the spring, is transported 320 m to the head of the travertines and deposits itself on a section 60 to 70 meters long covering an expanse of 240 to 300 meters square.
When the water first comes out of the ground it is about 35.6 ºC . The water includes calcium hydro carbonate in a big quantity. When it contacts with oxygen, the carbon dioxide and carbonmonoxide escapes and the calcium carbonate settles and forms the travertine. The sediment is jelly-like in the first stage.
The travertines are not in contact with water every time as it is seen on the photos and brochures. The photos are taken when the pools are full of water because of its beauties. That is why they are supposed to be full with water all the time. The thermal water is given to the travertines by controlled programme. If the water flows on the same place for along time, it causes moss and pollutes the white travertines. The travertine's area should be dried for certain times to prevent this pollution and to let the jelly-like sediment harden. It is forbidden to walk on the travertines owing to being smooth and broken easily in the first stage of the formation. But the areas are constructed to provide tourists to meet water. These are the artificial pools which are formed on the former road and the area of 5000 square meters which is established on the southern gate
Was established in 190 BC by 2.eumenes.Romans in the 2nd Century BC the city came under the sovereignty.Information about Hierapolis is limited Pergamum King, II. BC by Eumenes. II. YY. his wife, the queen of the Amazons of the legendary founder of Pergamum was established in the early HieradanTelephos due to be noted that the name of Hierapolis. Hierapolis, the Roman emperor Nero during the period (MS. 60)until the big earthquake, while adhering to the principles of the Hellenistic urbanization has continued its unique texture. Seismic belt in the city, the earthquake damaged large and completelyrenovated in the period of Nero. After the top of the earthquake, the city lost its Hellenistic Style, was a typical Roman City. After the Roman period, Hierapolis became an important center during the Byzantine era. This is important, MS. IV. From century to be the center of Christianity (metropolis), MS. In 80 Hz. The disciples of Jesus, St. Philip, was murdered here. Hierapolis, XII. Towards the end of a century has passed into the hands of the Turks.
Philippus MARTYRIONU saint: the city of Hierapolis, the mostimportant structure of the Christian cult. The octagonal structurewith a large central space, connected to the space of eightrectangular, octagonal marble stone plinthoslar big feet, and againat the top, the edges of travertine, and marble columns, carried byintermediate, through three Arkad opens. The number eight, as reflected in the foundations of its geometric structure has a strongsymbolic meaning. Christian symbols in blocks of flats is located.(Stars in the cross, khrismon A and?). Covered with a woodendome over the central space syntronon understandable. All the church structure in a rectangular plan and leaning over the edgeand covered with 32 rooms. Structure to store the remains of the Apostle Philippus idi.Martyrionun İ.SV early architects built the palace of Constantinople.
It hardens by time and is travertine. However, visitors visited andplayed on by the Cascades, yet the oppression of soft calcium carbonate, the dissolution of lead. Especially used in thermal watercontrolled within a particular program are given. And a large quantity of water discharged into the same place for a long time, and therefore travertines yosunlaşmaya pollution causesunpleasant. The formation of whiteness, weather conditions, heatloss, while effective. The deposition, thermal water, carbon dioxidecontinues until ;the balance of carbon dioxide in the air.
